Article details
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis, a Great Imitator: Case Report
Adolfo Boada, Stephanie Plaza and Renzo Nervi
American Journal of Medical and Clinical Sciences
2022
Vol. 7
Issue 3
Pages 71-149
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN) is an atypical form of chronic pyelonephritis,
characterized by the destruction of the renal parenchyma and its replacement with a
chronic infiltrate of lipid-laden macrophages [1]. The clinical presentation is nonspecific
and variable. Consider clear cell carcinoma, sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, renal
tuberculosis, renal lymphoma, renal or psoas abscess, actinomycosis, renal cystic disease,
and emphysematous pyelonephritis [2,3]. We present the case of a 59-year-old female
patient, with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections, who came to our center due
to severe anemia (5gr/dl), weight loss of 10 kg in 2 months, night sweats and weakness,
concomitant sudden-onset lumbar pain and hematuria, after multiple studies, a diagnosis
of PNX was made, which was confirmed by anatomopathological study.